Analisis Problematika Akad Nikah Virtual Perspektif Empat Mazhab

Authors

  • Mohammad Rafli UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia
  • A. Zaeini Misbaahuddin Asyuari Universitas Islam Tribakti Lirboyo Kediri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61570/syariah.v1i2.37

Keywords:

Four Mazhab, Akad Nikah, Virtual

Abstract

Digitalization has changed many aspects of human life, including marriage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of virtual marriage practice according to the views of four schools. This research uses the library research method through a normative legal approach (Islamic law).  The results of this study are as follows: (1) Connectivity imbalance causes loss of ijab and kabul networks. The Hanafiyyah and Hanbaliyyah schools considered the marriage contract valid, the Shafi'iyyah and Malikiyyah schools invalid. (2) The occurrence of speculative elements that cause one of the brides-to-be not to meet the requirements, scholars of the four schools of thought agree that the marriage contract is invalid. (3) The loss of audio from one or both parties that causes the witness and the contractor to be unable to hear each other. According to the three schools (Hanafiyyah, Shafi'iyyah, and Hanbaliyyah), the marriage contract is invalid. According to the Malikiyyah school, the law is valid. (4) Visual loss (image) that causes the witness to be unable to see the party performing the contract. According to the Hanafi school, Hanbaliyyah and Malikiyyah marriage contracts are valid. At the Shafi'iyyah School, the contract is invalid. (5) Regulations issued by the Ministry of Religion regarding the impermissibility of virtual marriage contracts, if the marriage contract has met the requirements and harmony, the validity of the marriage contract is not affected by regulations set by the government.

References

Abdullah Muhammad Idris, al Syafi’i. al Umm. Beirut: Dar al Kutub al ‘Arabi, t.t.

Az-Zuhaili, Wahbah, Al-Fiqh Al-Islami wa Adillatuhu. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.

Al-Qarafi, Syihabuddin. Anwa’ Al-Buruq fi Anwa’ Al-Furuq. CD: Maktabah Syamilah.

Al-Bujairimi, Sulaiman. Hasyiyah Al-Bujairami ‘Ala Al-Khatib. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.

Smith, Zain bin Ibrahim, Al-Fawaid Al-Mukhtarah li Salik Thariq Al-Akhirah. ttp.: Ma’had Dar Al-Lughah wa Ad-Da’wah, 1429 H/2008 M., ed: Ali bin Hasan Baharun.

Akmal, Andi Muhammad, dan Mulham Jaki Asti. “Problematika Nikah Siri, Nikah Online dan Talak Siri Serta Implikasi Hukumnya dalam Fikih Nikah.” Al-Risalah Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum 1, no. 1 (22 Mei 2021): 45. https://doi.org/10.24252/al-risalah.v1i1.22247.

Aprian, Alvi, dan Ade Mulyana. “Pernikahan Online Pada Masa Darurat Pandemi Covid-19 Perspektif Hukum Islam.” Jurhis: Jurnal Mahasiswa Hukum Islam Fakultas Syariah UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten 1, no. 1 (2023).

Al-Maliki, Muhammad Alwi and Asep Saepudin Jahar, “Dinamika Hukum Akad Nikah Via Teleconference Di Indonesia”, Jurnal Indo-Islamika, Volume 10, No. 2, Desember 2020. DOI : http://doi.org/10.15408/idi.v10i2.17523.

André, Gide. (1967). “Pengembangan Media untuk Pembelajaran Menulis Puisi Pada Siswa Kelas X Sma Negeri 1 Woha Bima Ntb Tati.” Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6 (11), 951–952.: http://riset.unisma.ac.id/index.php/NOSI/article/view/12407/9592.

Ba’alawi, Abdurrahman. Bughyah Al-Mustarsyidin. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.

Emas, Mahardika Putera. “Problematika Akad Nikah Via Daring dan Penyelenggaraan Walimah Selama Masa Pandemi

Covid-19.” Batulis Civil Law Review 1, No. 1 (22 November 2020) https://doi.org/10.47268/ballrev.v1i1.387.

Fadillah, Rifqi. “Keabsahan Ijab Kabul Melalui Whatsapp Dalam Perspektif Kompilasi. Hukum Islam”, Skripsi, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 2017.

Hamdani, Muhammad, Muhammad Riduwan Masykur, dan Tutik Hamidah. “Akad Pernikahan Melalui Zoom dalam Perspektif Fikih.” AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam 5, no. 1 (30 Maret 2023): 423–32. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i1.2181.

https://itjen.kemenag.go.id/sirandang/peraturan/5979-p-003djiiihk007042020-perubahan-atas-surat-edaran-direktur-jenderal-bimbingan-masyarakat-islam-,” t.t.“https://kbbi.web.id/problematik.” t.t.

iNews, official. “Akibat Pandemi, Pasangan Australia-Indonesia Nikah Online,” 2020. https://youtu.be/puN-tdZVIA8.

Jaziri, Abdurrahman al. al Fiqh ’ala Mazahib al Arba’ah. Mesir: Dar el Hadith, 2004.

“Kemenag: Menikah Online Tidak Sah Meski Pandemi.” Metro TV, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PT9u2WPY3Qk.

“Kemenag Tegaskan Pernikahan Online Tidak Sah.” Medcom id, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOtBgRO684g.

Kementerian Agama RI. “SE Dirjen Bimas Islam No. P-003 Perubahan SE Dirjen Bima Islam No. P-002,” 2020. https://bengkulu.kemenag.go.id/file/file/Sirandang/SE_Dirjen_Bimas_Islam_No_P-003_Perubahan_SE_Dirjen_Bimas_Islam_No_P-002.pdf.

kompas.com. “[FAKTA] Viral, Video Sepasang Polisi Menikah via ‘Video Call,’” 2018. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2018/04/30/20450041/fakta-viral-video-sepasang-polisi-menikah-via-video-call?page=all.

Mahalli, Husein bin Muhammad al Mahalli al. al Ifshoh ‘an ‘Aqdi an Nikah ‘ala al Mazahib al Arba’ah. Syuriah: Dar al Qalam al ‘Arabi bihalabi, 1995.

Makki, Ahmad, dan Hamidi. “Nikah Online di Masa Pandemi Perspektif Ulama Mazhab Syafi’iyyah dan Ulama Mazhab Hanafiyyah.” Marwa, Muhammad Habibi Miftakhul dan Norma Sari, “Akad Nikah Virtual Perawat Saat Covid-19: Tinjauan Hukum Perkawinan Islam dan Hukum Kesehatan”, Jurnal Hukum: IUS QUIA IUSTUM No. 3 Vol. 29 September 2022. h. 680 DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol29.iss3.art.

al Fikrah: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Pendidikan dan Keislaman 4, no. 2 (2021).

Mirabito, Michael A.M, dan Barbara L Morgenstern. The New Communications Technologies Aplications, Policy and Impacts. 2 ed. Burlington: Elsevier, 2024.

Muir, Syamsuddin, Jumni Nelly, dan Rahman Rahman. “Nikah Online Perspektif Kaedah Fiqh Al- Masyaqqah Tajlib At-Taisir.” Jurnal Keislaman 6, no. 1 (1 Maret 2023): 116–26. https://doi.org/10.54298/jk.v6i1.3685.

Munawir, Ahmad Warson. Kamus al Munawwir Arab-Indonesia Terlengkap. Surabaya: Pustaka Progressif, 1997.

Padli. Muhammad, Hukum Nikah Online dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pencatatan Nikah, Skripsi, Jurusan Hukum Keluarga Fakultas Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam. 2015

Downloads

Published

2023-12-03