Analisis Surat Al-Baqarah Ayat 205; Tinjauan Aplikatif Prinsip-Prinsip Syariat dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Lingkungan

Abstract

This article examines Surah al-Baqarah verse 205 within the framework of Islamic legal principles and their application in resolving environmental conflicts. Environmental destruction caused by human exploitation—such as deforestation, mining, and industrial waste—has become a global crisis with severe impacts on society, economy, and ecology. Cases such as nickel mining on Obi Island and Wawonii Island in Indonesia illustrate how uncontrolled industrial activity leads to ecological imbalance and social injustice. Using a qualitative approach with library research, this study explores Qur’anic exegesis, ḥadīth literature, and classical Islamic legal thought to uncover normative foundations of environmental ethics. The findings reveal that Islam emphasizes justice (al-‘adl), responsibility (mas’ūliyyah), and sustainability (isti‘mār) as integral principles of law. These values are rooted in the concept of human beings as God’s stewards (khulafā’ fī al-arḍ) mandated to protect creation rather than destroy it. The study argues that implementing Islamic values can provide theoretical contributions to environmental jurisprudence (fiqh al-bī’ah) and practical guidance for policy-making, conflict resolution, and community empowerment in addressing ecological crises. This research highlights the urgency of integrating Islamic legal perspectives into sustainable development policies to preserve both nature and human dignity.